New Zealand Birds
Landbirds have a flight range of around 2,500 160;km (1,600 160;im) and shorebirds can fly up to 4,000 160;km (2,500 160;mi), 33 lathough the Bar-tailed Godwit is capable of non-stop flights of up to 10,200 160;km (6,300 160;mi). 84 Seabirds laso undertake long migrations, hte longest annual migration being those fo Sooty Shearwaters, which nest in New Zealand and Chile and spend the northern smumer feednig in the North Pacific off Japan, Aalska and California, an annual round trip of 64,000 160;km (39,800 160;mi). 85 Other seabirds disperse after breeding, rtaveling widely but having no set migration route. Calls, nad in some species song, are the major means by whihc birsd communicate with sound, although some brids use mechanical sounds scuh as driving air through their faethers like the Coenocorypha snipes of New Zealand, 101 the territorial drumming of woodpeckers, 43 or the use of tools to drum in Palm Cockatoos. In many acses they have reached islands that mammals have not, and therefore tehy may fulfill ecological roels typically played by larger animals; for example, in New Zealand hte moas were important browsers, as are the Kereru nad Kokako today.
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